Pipeline
- class imbens.pipeline.Pipeline(steps, *, memory=None, verbose=False)[source]
Pipeline of transforms and resamples with a final estimator.
Sequentially apply a list of transforms, sampling, and a final estimator. Intermediate steps of the pipeline must be transformers or resamplers, that is, they must implement fit, transform and sample methods. The samplers are only applied during fit. The final estimator only needs to implement fit. The transformers and samplers in the pipeline can be cached using
memory
argument.The purpose of the pipeline is to assemble several steps that can be cross-validated together while setting different parameters. For this, it enables setting parameters of the various steps using their names and the parameter name separated by a ‘__’, as in the example below. A step’s estimator may be replaced entirely by setting the parameter with its name to another estimator, or a transformer removed by setting it to ‘passthrough’ or
None
.- Parameters:
- stepslist
List of (name, transform) tuples (implementing fit/transform/fit_resample) that are chained, in the order in which they are chained, with the last object an estimator.
- memoryInstance of joblib.Memory or str, default=None
Used to cache the fitted transformers of the pipeline. By default, no caching is performed. If a string is given, it is the path to the caching directory. Enabling caching triggers a clone of the transformers before fitting. Therefore, the transformer instance given to the pipeline cannot be inspected directly. Use the attribute
named_steps
orsteps
to inspect estimators within the pipeline. Caching the transformers is advantageous when fitting is time consuming.- verbosebool, default=False
If True, the time elapsed while fitting each step will be printed as it is completed.
- Attributes:
named_steps
Bunch
Access the steps by name.
See also
make_pipeline
Helper function to make pipeline.
Notes
See Usage of pipeline embedding samplers for an example.
Examples
>>> from collections import Counter >>> from sklearn.datasets import make_classification >>> from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split as tts >>> from sklearn.decomposition import PCA >>> from sklearn.neighbors import KNeighborsClassifier as KNN >>> from sklearn.metrics import classification_report >>> from imbens.sampler._over_sampling import SMOTE >>> from imbens.pipeline import Pipeline >>> X, y = make_classification(n_classes=2, class_sep=2, ... weights=[0.1, 0.9], n_informative=3, n_redundant=1, flip_y=0, ... n_features=20, n_clusters_per_class=1, n_samples=1000, random_state=10) >>> print(f'Original dataset shape {Counter(y)}') Original dataset shape Counter({1: 900, 0: 100}) >>> pca = PCA() >>> smt = SMOTE(random_state=42) >>> knn = KNN() >>> pipeline = Pipeline([('smt', smt), ('pca', pca), ('knn', knn)]) >>> X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = tts(X, y, random_state=42) >>> pipeline.fit(X_train, y_train) Pipeline(...) >>> y_hat = pipeline.predict(X_test) >>> print(classification_report(y_test, y_hat)) precision recall f1-score support 0 0.87 1.00 0.93 26 1 1.00 0.98 0.99 224 accuracy 0.98 250 macro avg 0.93 0.99 0.96 250 weighted avg 0.99 0.98 0.98 250
Methods
Transform the data, and apply decision_function with the final estimator.
fit
(X[, y, sample_weight])Fit the model.
fit_predict
(X[, y])Apply fit_predict of last step in pipeline after transforms.
fit_resample
(X[, y, sample_weight])Fit the model and sample with the final estimator.
fit_transform
(X[, y])Fit the model and transform with the final estimator.
get_feature_names_out
([input_features])Get output feature names for transformation.
Get metadata routing of this object.
get_params
([deep])Get parameters for this estimator.
Apply inverse_transform for each step in a reverse order.
predict
(X, **predict_params)Transform the data, and apply predict with the final estimator.
predict_log_proba
(X, **predict_log_proba_params)Transform the data, and apply predict_log_proba with the final estimator.
predict_proba
(X, **predict_proba_params)Transform the data, and apply predict_proba with the final estimator.
score
(X[, y, sample_weight])Transform the data, and apply score with the final estimator.
Transform the data, and apply score_samples with the final estimator.
set_fit_request
(*[, sample_weight])Request metadata passed to the
fit
method.set_output
(*[, transform])Set the output container when "transform" and "fit_transform" are called.
set_params
(**kwargs)Set the parameters of this estimator.
set_score_request
(*[, sample_weight])Request metadata passed to the
score
method.transform
(X)Transform the data, and apply transform with the final estimator.
- property classes_
The classes labels. Only exist if the last step is a classifier.
- decision_function(X)[source]
Transform the data, and apply decision_function with the final estimator.
Call transform of each transformer in the pipeline. The transformed data are finally passed to the final estimator that calls decision_function method. Only valid if the final estimator implements decision_function.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Data to predict on. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- Returns:
- y_scorendarray of shape (n_samples, n_classes)
Result of calling decision_function on the final estimator.
- property feature_names_in_
Names of features seen during first step fit method.
- fit(X, y=None, sample_weight=None, **fit_params)[source]
Fit the model.
Fit all the transforms/samplers one after the other and transform/sample the data, then fit the transformed/sampled data using the final estimator.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Training data. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- yiterable, default=None
Training targets. Must fulfill label requirements for all steps of the pipeline.
- **fit_paramsdict of str -> object
Parameters passed to the
fit
method of each step, where each parameter name is prefixed such that parameterp
for steps
has keys__p
.
- Returns:
- selfPipeline
This estimator.
- fit_predict(X, y=None, **fit_params)[source]
Apply fit_predict of last step in pipeline after transforms.
Applies fit_transforms of a pipeline to the data, followed by the fit_predict method of the final estimator in the pipeline. Valid only if the final estimator implements fit_predict.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Training data. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- yiterable, default=None
Training targets. Must fulfill label requirements for all steps of the pipeline.
- **fit_paramsdict of string -> object
Parameters passed to the
fit
method of each step, where each parameter name is prefixed such that parameterp
for steps
has keys__p
.
- Returns:
- y_predndarray of shape (n_samples,)
The predicted target.
- fit_resample(X, y=None, sample_weight=None, **fit_params)[source]
Fit the model and sample with the final estimator.
Fits all the transformers/samplers one after the other and transform/sample the data, then uses fit_resample on transformed data with the final estimator.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Training data. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- yiterable, default=None
Training targets. Must fulfill label requirements for all steps of the pipeline.
- **fit_paramsdict of string -> object
Parameters passed to the
fit
method of each step, where each parameter name is prefixed such that parameterp
for steps
has keys__p
.
- Returns:
- Xtarray-like of shape (n_samples, n_transformed_features)
Transformed samples.
- ytarray-like of shape (n_samples, n_transformed_features)
Transformed target.
- fit_transform(X, y=None, **fit_params)[source]
Fit the model and transform with the final estimator.
Fits all the transformers/samplers one after the other and transform/sample the data, then uses fit_transform on transformed data with the final estimator.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Training data. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- yiterable, default=None
Training targets. Must fulfill label requirements for all steps of the pipeline.
- **fit_paramsdict of string -> object
Parameters passed to the
fit
method of each step, where each parameter name is prefixed such that parameterp
for steps
has keys__p
.
- Returns:
- Xtarray-like of shape (n_samples, n_transformed_features)
Transformed samples.
- get_feature_names_out(input_features=None)[source]
Get output feature names for transformation.
Transform input features using the pipeline.
- Parameters:
- input_featuresarray-like of str or None, default=None
Input features.
- Returns:
- feature_names_outndarray of str objects
Transformed feature names.
- get_metadata_routing()[source]
Get metadata routing of this object.
Please check User Guide on how the routing mechanism works.
- Returns:
- routingMetadataRequest
A
MetadataRequest
encapsulating routing information.
- get_params(deep=True)[source]
Get parameters for this estimator.
Returns the parameters given in the constructor as well as the estimators contained within the steps of the Pipeline.
- Parameters:
- deepbool, default=True
If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.
- Returns:
- paramsmapping of string to any
Parameter names mapped to their values.
- inverse_transform(Xt)[source]
Apply inverse_transform for each step in a reverse order.
All estimators in the pipeline must support inverse_transform.
- Parameters:
- Xtarray-like of shape (n_samples, n_transformed_features)
Data samples, where
n_samples
is the number of samples andn_features
is the number of features. Must fulfill input requirements of last step of pipeline’sinverse_transform
method.
- Returns:
- Xtndarray of shape (n_samples, n_features)
Inverse transformed data, that is, data in the original feature space.
- property n_features_in_
Number of features seen during first step fit method.
- property named_steps
Access the steps by name.
Read-only attribute to access any step by given name. Keys are steps names and values are the steps objects.
- predict(X, **predict_params)[source]
Transform the data, and apply predict with the final estimator.
Call transform of each transformer in the pipeline. The transformed data are finally passed to the final estimator that calls predict method. Only valid if the final estimator implements predict.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Data to predict on. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- **predict_paramsdict of string -> object
Parameters to the
predict
called at the end of all transformations in the pipeline. Note that while this may be used to return uncertainties from some models with return_std or return_cov, uncertainties that are generated by the transformations in the pipeline are not propagated to the final estimator.New in version 0.20.
- Returns:
- y_predndarray
Result of calling predict on the final estimator.
- predict_log_proba(X, **predict_log_proba_params)[source]
Transform the data, and apply predict_log_proba with the final estimator.
Call transform of each transformer in the pipeline. The transformed data are finally passed to the final estimator that calls predict_log_proba method. Only valid if the final estimator implements predict_log_proba.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Data to predict on. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- **predict_log_proba_paramsdict of string -> object
Parameters to the
predict_log_proba
called at the end of all transformations in the pipeline.
- Returns:
- y_log_probandarray of shape (n_samples, n_classes)
Result of calling predict_log_proba on the final estimator.
- predict_proba(X, **predict_proba_params)[source]
Transform the data, and apply predict_proba with the final estimator.
Call transform of each transformer in the pipeline. The transformed data are finally passed to the final estimator that calls predict_proba method. Only valid if the final estimator implements predict_proba.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Data to predict on. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- **predict_proba_paramsdict of string -> object
Parameters to the predict_proba called at the end of all transformations in the pipeline.
- Returns:
- y_probandarray of shape (n_samples, n_classes)
Result of calling predict_proba on the final estimator.
- score(X, y=None, sample_weight=None)[source]
Transform the data, and apply score with the final estimator.
Call transform of each transformer in the pipeline. The transformed data are finally passed to the final estimator that calls score method. Only valid if the final estimator implements score.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Data to predict on. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- yiterable, default=None
Targets used for scoring. Must fulfill label requirements for all steps of the pipeline.
- sample_weightarray-like, default=None
If not None, this argument is passed as
sample_weight
keyword argument to thescore
method of the final estimator.
- Returns:
- scorefloat
Result of calling score on the final estimator.
- score_samples(X)[source]
Transform the data, and apply score_samples with the final estimator.
Call transform of each transformer in the pipeline. The transformed data are finally passed to the final estimator that calls score_samples method. Only valid if the final estimator implements score_samples.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Data to predict on. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- Returns:
- y_scorendarray of shape (n_samples,)
Result of calling score_samples on the final estimator.
- set_fit_request(*, sample_weight: bool | None | str = '$UNCHANGED$') Pipeline [source]
Request metadata passed to the
fit
method.Note that this method is only relevant if
enable_metadata_routing=True
(seesklearn.set_config()
). Please see User Guide on how the routing mechanism works.The options for each parameter are:
True
: metadata is requested, and passed tofit
if provided. The request is ignored if metadata is not provided.False
: metadata is not requested and the meta-estimator will not pass it tofit
.None
: metadata is not requested, and the meta-estimator will raise an error if the user provides it.str
: metadata should be passed to the meta-estimator with this given alias instead of the original name.
The default (
sklearn.utils.metadata_routing.UNCHANGED
) retains the existing request. This allows you to change the request for some parameters and not others.New in version 1.3.
Note
This method is only relevant if this estimator is used as a sub-estimator of a meta-estimator, e.g. used inside a
pipeline.Pipeline
. Otherwise it has no effect.- Parameters:
- sample_weightstr, True, False, or None, default=sklearn.utils.metadata_routing.UNCHANGED
Metadata routing for
sample_weight
parameter infit
.
- Returns:
- selfobject
The updated object.
- set_output(*, transform=None)[source]
Set the output container when “transform” and “fit_transform” are called.
Calling set_output will set the output of all estimators in steps.
- Parameters:
- transform{“default”, “pandas”}, default=None
Configure output of transform and fit_transform.
“default”: Default output format of a transformer
“pandas”: DataFrame output
None: Transform configuration is unchanged
- Returns:
- selfestimator instance
Estimator instance.
- set_params(**kwargs)[source]
Set the parameters of this estimator.
Valid parameter keys can be listed with
get_params()
. Note that you can directly set the parameters of the estimators contained in steps.- Parameters:
- **kwargsdict
Parameters of this estimator or parameters of estimators contained in steps. Parameters of the steps may be set using its name and the parameter name separated by a ‘__’.
- Returns:
- selfobject
Pipeline class instance.
- set_score_request(*, sample_weight: bool | None | str = '$UNCHANGED$') Pipeline [source]
Request metadata passed to the
score
method.Note that this method is only relevant if
enable_metadata_routing=True
(seesklearn.set_config()
). Please see User Guide on how the routing mechanism works.The options for each parameter are:
True
: metadata is requested, and passed toscore
if provided. The request is ignored if metadata is not provided.False
: metadata is not requested and the meta-estimator will not pass it toscore
.None
: metadata is not requested, and the meta-estimator will raise an error if the user provides it.str
: metadata should be passed to the meta-estimator with this given alias instead of the original name.
The default (
sklearn.utils.metadata_routing.UNCHANGED
) retains the existing request. This allows you to change the request for some parameters and not others.New in version 1.3.
Note
This method is only relevant if this estimator is used as a sub-estimator of a meta-estimator, e.g. used inside a
pipeline.Pipeline
. Otherwise it has no effect.- Parameters:
- sample_weightstr, True, False, or None, default=sklearn.utils.metadata_routing.UNCHANGED
Metadata routing for
sample_weight
parameter inscore
.
- Returns:
- selfobject
The updated object.
- transform(X)[source]
Transform the data, and apply transform with the final estimator.
Call transform of each transformer in the pipeline. The transformed data are finally passed to the final estimator that calls transform method. Only valid if the final estimator implements transform.
This also works where final estimator is None in which case all prior transformations are applied.
- Parameters:
- Xiterable
Data to transform. Must fulfill input requirements of first step of the pipeline.
- Returns:
- Xtndarray of shape (n_samples, n_transformed_features)
Transformed data.
Examples using imbens.pipeline.Pipeline
Evaluate classification by compiling a report
Metrics specific to imbalanced learning
Usage of pipeline embedding samplers